• Unexplained Hematuria or Proteinuria: Persistent presence of blood or protein in the urine without an apparent cause.
• Transplant Rejection: Assessing the health of a transplanted kidney and identifying signs of rejection.
  
  

Procedure

During a kidney biopsy:

• Preparation: The patient’s blood pressure and coagulation status are assessed to minimize bleeding risks.
• Local Anesthesia: An anesthetic is administered to numb the biopsy site (usually the lower back or abdomen).
• Biopsy Needle Insertion: A biopsy needle is guided into the kidney tissue using imaging techniques such as ultrasound or CT scan.
• Sample Collection: A small tissue sample (about the size of a small grain of rice) is extracted and sent to a pathology lab for analysis.
• Post-Biopsy Care: The patient is monitored closely for several hours to detect and manage any potential complications, such as bleeding or pain.
  
  

Analysis and Results

The kidney tissue sample is examined under a microscope by a pathologist to identify specific changes in the kidney structure and assess for signs of inflammation, scarring, infection, or other abnormalities. Results from the biopsy help healthcare providers make accurate diagnoses and tailor treatment plans accordingly.

Risks and Complications

While kidney biopsy is generally considered safe, potential risks include:

• Bleeding: The most common complication, which is usually minor and resolves on its own.
• Pain or Discomfort: At the biopsy site or in the kidney area.
• Infection: Rare, but possible if proper sterile techniques are not followed.
  
  

Patient Education

Dr. Tanish Dhir emphasizes the importance of patient education before and after kidney biopsy:

• Informed Consent: Explaining the procedure, risks, and benefits to ensure the patient understands and consents to the biopsy.
• Post-Biopsy Care: Providing instructions on monitoring for signs of complications, rest and activity restrictions, and when to seek medical attention